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''L'Arbre (The Tree)'', is a painting created in 1910 by the French artist, theorist and writer Albert Gleizes. Executed in an advanced Proto-Cubist style, the work was exhibited in Paris at the Salon des Indépendants, 1910 (no. 2160), the following year Gleizes chose to exhibit this work at the Salon de la Section d'Or, Galerie La Boétie, 1912 (no. 34), and Manes Moderni Umeni, S.V.U., Vystava, Prague, 1914 (no. 33). The painting was again shown at the Grand Palais, Salon des Indépendants, ''Trente ans d'art indépendant'', in 1926. ''L'Arbre'', an important work of 1910, appeared at the decisive Salon des Indépendants of 1911, where Cubism emerged as a group manifestation and spread like a wave across the globe, shocking the general public in its wake.〔Anne Varichon, Daniel Robbins, ''Albert Gleizes, Catalogue raisonné'', volume I, Paris, 1998, no. 345 (illustrated p. 127).〕 ==Description== ''L'Arbre (The Tree)'' is an oil painting on canvas with dimensions 92 × 73.2 cm ( by inches), signed and dated ''Albert Gleizes 10'', lower right. Gleizes practically subjugates The Tree in the foreground—its thin trunk slightly off-center and foliage cropped at the top—to a secondary role within a meticulously geometric ''World landscape''. Here, the receding landscape marked by protruding hills and steep cliff-like formations, is perhaps more naturalistic than the core group of Gleizes' subsequent 1911–12 landscapes (e.g., ''Le Chemin (Paysage à Meudon)'', 1911, and ''Les Baigneuses (The Bathers)'', 1912) yet does not replicate any other know painting (or specific location) in any of its parts. This fact strongly points towards it being an invention born out of Gleizes' studio. Gleizes' method was fundamentally synthetic. Although the landscape seems persuasively realistic (with its foreground, background and village in between), it is not an existing place somewhere between Paris and his studio at Courbevoie, consistent with Gleizes' method of bringing together various elements from different locations anteriorly observed in nature. The superposition of hills with a succession of brown, grey and white planes throughout this painting—providing a sense of temporal duration and spatial extension to the immense vista—along with the cubic architectural structures cutting through the center of the canvas, each with its own perspective, are very typical of the core group of Gleizes' landscapes. The divers elements are combined in such a way that avoids symmetry; a characteristic found in several of the artists landscapes, painted before and after ''L'Arbre'', each a unique creation. Daniel Robbins writes of ''The Tree (L'Arbre)'' and related works in the catalogue of the Gleizes Retrospective at the Guggenheim, New York (1964): In this work, one of Gleizes' most important paintings of the crucial year 1910, we see the artist's volumetric approach to Cubism and his successful union of a broad field of vision with a flat picture plane. Earlier studies, such as ''By the Seine (Bord de la Seine, Meudon)'' of 1909, and ''Road, Trees and Houses (Environs de Meudon)'' of 1910 (both in the collection of Walter Firpo), clearly anticipate this development.〔(''Albert Gleizes 1881–1953, a retrospective exhibition'', Daniel Robbins. The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, in collaboration with Musée national d'art moderne, Paris; Museum am Ostwall, Dortmund, published 1964 )〕 During his trip to Bagnères sur Bigorre, Gascony, in 1909 Gleizes concentrated exclusively on landscapes, reducing natural forms to primary shapes. His effort to portray the complex rhythms of a panorama resulted in "a comprehensive geometry of intersecting and overlapping forms which created a new and more dynamic quality of movement".〔 His 1911 ''Paysage à Meudon'' followed, in which "Man is reintroduced, but subordinated to the heroic concept of landscape which simultaneously comprehends the close and the distant, the earth's curve, the sun, even the force of wind against trees". (Robbins, 1964)〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「L'Arbre, The Tree (Gleizes)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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